Types of Pedagogy: educating from different specialties
Pedagogy, which today is linked to work based on education and for which it is necessary to have studied before in the university, has some very humble origins: paidagogues, so called in ancient Greek, was the slave who accompanied the children to school.
However, today the art of teaching has become a much more diversified discipline, and that is why we talk about types of pedagogy .
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Next we will see what the types of pedagogy are and to what needs they respond.
Pedagogy as a broad educational discipline
Current educational systems are so complex and have so many facets, for better or for worse, that it has been necessary to create pedagogical variants to be able to respond to all needs and cover all sides of education.
To get started, the pedagogy is not focused only on children, but on people, regardless of the stage of life in which they find themselves . Of course, the practice of education in boys and girls has a special importance, but, unlike what happened hundreds of years ago, it is considered that adults are also prone to be guided and helped from outside in their interest in to learn. Training is the object of study of pedagogy, and is present where there is someone who can learn something, and to come to provide solutions to this wide range of contexts have been formulating the types of pedagogy.
On the other hand, the constructivist approach has had a lot of weight in pedagogy , for which teachers are no longer understood as agents that transmit knowledge sequentially. Nowadays it is considered that the task of teachers is to accompany and offer guides so that people learn to assimilate knowledge and to investigate and experiment on their own, instead of memorizing what they are told, for which it is necessary that educators and the students give each other constant feedback.
Types of pedagogies
Thus, pedagogy has become the science that studies education, and therefore it has to adapt to all situations in which this phenomenon occurs, from several possible approaches. This has led to the emergence of the different kinds of pedagogy, which are the following.
1. Descriptive pedagogy
This type of pedagogy focuses on making theories that serve to describe well how teaching takes place in the real world , beyond the basic objectives and the theoretical guidelines that have been set about how education should be.
2. Normative pedagogy
In normative pedagogy A philosophical and theoretical debate is established about how education should be , the objectives to be pursued, the way in which the concepts with which one works and how the optimal learning situations have to be defined. If in the descriptive pedagogy one talks about what happens, this type of pedagogy talks about what should happen. In other words, he proposes theoretical models that serve as a reference for setting goals and strategies.
3. Children's pedagogy
Teaching during the first years of life is very important , since in that period is when people are more sensitive to the environment: a great variety of situations that we experience as children leave us a mark that we preserve when we are adults. That is why it is necessary to create a type of specialized pedagogy in the field of education focused on the youngest.
4. Psychological pedagogy
Psychology has a lot to say in the field of teaching, since it helps to understand and predict patterns of thought and behavior, something very useful in teaching. In this type of pedagogy the knowledge, strategies and tools of psychology are used to help in the process of learning and educating.
5. Social pedagogy
This kind of pedagogy it is used from social services to respond to the learning needs of people at social risk ; therefore, it is usually closely linked to public administration. Its objectives focus, on the one hand, on the prevention of behavioral patterns that entail risks or that may lead to isolation and, on the other, to provide help services so that people in precarious conditions can learn.
Concluding: a diversified education
The pedagogy is diverse because so are the contexts that live the people who need to learn inside and / or outside the classrooms of a school.
The existence of different types of pedagogy it is a way of trying to respond to the different needs of the group of students and apprentices , so that in all cases there is a help and a network of people to facilitate the process.
